Ella Baker Day 2020
All events were cancelled due to Covid-19 pandemic
Manhattanville College: Students enrolled in Sociology 2076: History of Social Action worked in groups to create posters that acknowledge contemporary activism on an array of issues.
Three areas of dissent activism were researched: reform, radical reform, revolutionary, and participatory democracy (in the legacy of Ella Baker)
A fourth area, reactionary dissent, was also covered in order to be mindful of the ways in which oppressors react against the gains made by activists.
Each poster also has an interactive component so look for that as you read through!
In solidarity, History of Social Class, Spring 2020
Three areas of dissent activism were researched: reform, radical reform, revolutionary, and participatory democracy (in the legacy of Ella Baker)
A fourth area, reactionary dissent, was also covered in order to be mindful of the ways in which oppressors react against the gains made by activists.
Each poster also has an interactive component so look for that as you read through!
In solidarity, History of Social Class, Spring 2020
Immigrant Rights
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By: Tisha Clarke, Max Drayer, & Natalia Veras
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References:
Anon. 2018. “What We Do.” ICE. Retrieved April 17, 2020 (https://www.ice.gov/overview).
Anon. n.d. “CHANGING LIVES FOR ALMOST 10 YEARS.” United We Dream. Retrieved April 16, 2020
(https://unitedwedream.org/impact/).
Apperle, Elliot. 1996. Ella Baker Free Agent in The Civil Rights Movement. Journal of Black Studies. Sage Publications INC, Thousand Oaks, California.
Caminero-Santangelo, Marta. 2017. Documenting the Undocumented: Latino/a Narratives and Social Justice in the Era of Operation Gatekeeper. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
Anon. 2014. “IIRIRA 96 - A SUMMARY OF THE NEW IMMIGRATION BILL.” Siskind Susser PC. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (http://www.visalaw.com/iirira-96-a-summary-of-the-new-immigration-bill/.).
Anon. 2020. “Conditions in Migrant Detention Centers.” American Oversight. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.americanoversight.org/investigation/conditions-in-migrant-detention-centers).
Joung, Madeleine. 2019. “What Is Happening at Migrant Detention Centers? What to Know.” Time. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://time.com/5623148/migrant-detention-centers-conditions/).
López, Gustavo and Jens Manuel Krogstad. 2017. “Key Facts about 'Dreamers' Enrolled in DACA.” Pew Research Center. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/09/25/key-facts-about-unauthorized-immigrants-enrolled-in-daca/).
Muller, Carol. 2004. Ella Baker and the Origins of Participatory Democracy. Accessed on April 15, 2020. https://collectiveliberation.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Mueller-Ella-Baker-and-origins-of-participatory-democracy.pdf
Pacheco, Gaby. n.d. “Case Study: Trail of Dreams.” Beautiful Trouble Front Page. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://beautifultrouble.org/case/trail-of-dreams/).
Payne, Charles. 1989. Ella Baker and Models of Social Change. Signs. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
Preston, Julia. 2013. “Young Immigrants Protest Deportations.” The New York Times. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/23/us/young-immigrants-protest-deportations.html).
Richter, Felix. 2019. “Infographic: Who Are America's 'Dreamers'?” Statista Infographics. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.statista.com/chart/11072/who-are-americas-dreamers/).
Anon. 2019. “The Dream Act, DACA, and Other Policies Designed to Protect Dreamers.” American Immigration Council. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/dream-act-daca-and-other-policies-designed-protect-dreamers).
Pacheco, Gaby. n.d. “Case Study: Trail of Dreams.” Beautiful Trouble Front Page. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://beautifultrouble.org/case/trail-of-dreams/).
Payne, Charles. 1989. Ella Baker and Models of Social Change. Signs. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
Preston, Julia. 2013. “Young Immigrants Protest Deportations.” The New York Times. Retrieved April 16, 2020
(https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/23/us/young-immigrants-protest-deportations.html).
Richter, Felix. 2019. “Infographic: Who Are America's 'Dreamers'?” Statista Infographics. Retrieved April 15, 2020
(https://www.statista.com/chart/11072/who-are-americas-dreamers/).
Anon. 2019. “The Dream Act, DACA, and Other Policies Designed to Protect Dreamers.” American Immigration Council. Retrieved April 15, 2020
(https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/dream-act-daca-and-other-policies-designed-protect-dreamers).
Anon. 2018. “What We Do.” ICE. Retrieved April 17, 2020 (https://www.ice.gov/overview).
Anon. 2018. “What We Do.” ICE. Retrieved April 17, 2020 (https://www.ice.gov/overview).
Anon. n.d. “CHANGING LIVES FOR ALMOST 10 YEARS.” United We Dream. Retrieved April 16, 2020
(https://unitedwedream.org/impact/).
Apperle, Elliot. 1996. Ella Baker Free Agent in The Civil Rights Movement. Journal of Black Studies. Sage Publications INC, Thousand Oaks, California.
Caminero-Santangelo, Marta. 2017. Documenting the Undocumented: Latino/a Narratives and Social Justice in the Era of Operation Gatekeeper. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
Anon. 2014. “IIRIRA 96 - A SUMMARY OF THE NEW IMMIGRATION BILL.” Siskind Susser PC. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (http://www.visalaw.com/iirira-96-a-summary-of-the-new-immigration-bill/.).
Anon. 2020. “Conditions in Migrant Detention Centers.” American Oversight. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.americanoversight.org/investigation/conditions-in-migrant-detention-centers).
Joung, Madeleine. 2019. “What Is Happening at Migrant Detention Centers? What to Know.” Time. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://time.com/5623148/migrant-detention-centers-conditions/).
López, Gustavo and Jens Manuel Krogstad. 2017. “Key Facts about 'Dreamers' Enrolled in DACA.” Pew Research Center. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/09/25/key-facts-about-unauthorized-immigrants-enrolled-in-daca/).
Muller, Carol. 2004. Ella Baker and the Origins of Participatory Democracy. Accessed on April 15, 2020. https://collectiveliberation.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Mueller-Ella-Baker-and-origins-of-participatory-democracy.pdf
Pacheco, Gaby. n.d. “Case Study: Trail of Dreams.” Beautiful Trouble Front Page. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://beautifultrouble.org/case/trail-of-dreams/).
Payne, Charles. 1989. Ella Baker and Models of Social Change. Signs. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
Preston, Julia. 2013. “Young Immigrants Protest Deportations.” The New York Times. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/23/us/young-immigrants-protest-deportations.html).
Richter, Felix. 2019. “Infographic: Who Are America's 'Dreamers'?” Statista Infographics. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.statista.com/chart/11072/who-are-americas-dreamers/).
Anon. 2019. “The Dream Act, DACA, and Other Policies Designed to Protect Dreamers.” American Immigration Council. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/dream-act-daca-and-other-policies-designed-protect-dreamers).
Pacheco, Gaby. n.d. “Case Study: Trail of Dreams.” Beautiful Trouble Front Page. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://beautifultrouble.org/case/trail-of-dreams/).
Payne, Charles. 1989. Ella Baker and Models of Social Change. Signs. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
Preston, Julia. 2013. “Young Immigrants Protest Deportations.” The New York Times. Retrieved April 16, 2020
(https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/23/us/young-immigrants-protest-deportations.html).
Richter, Felix. 2019. “Infographic: Who Are America's 'Dreamers'?” Statista Infographics. Retrieved April 15, 2020
(https://www.statista.com/chart/11072/who-are-americas-dreamers/).
Anon. 2019. “The Dream Act, DACA, and Other Policies Designed to Protect Dreamers.” American Immigration Council. Retrieved April 15, 2020
(https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/dream-act-daca-and-other-policies-designed-protect-dreamers).
Anon. 2018. “What We Do.” ICE. Retrieved April 17, 2020 (https://www.ice.gov/overview).
Love is Love: Activism Among LBTQ
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By: Jon Alsina, Casey Dejesus, & Kayla Price
Activists—in their fight for social justice, have taken on social movements as a way to conceptualize alternatives to the inequities and counteract the norms of nuclear families, gender, race, sexuality and self-identity. Through this, it has led to a struggle for liberation and the right to decide one's own identity and fate as an individual. Included in this fight are members of the LGBTQ community who combat the oppressive social conditions of class, race, gender, and sex, through advocacy. |
Interactive Link: https://create.kahoot.it/share/radical-reform/667e714b-a3b7-4c40-9d58-6e55b4f39647
Directions: Click the link Click ‘Play’ Click ‘Host’ Click classic mode Copy and paste the link www.kahoot.it along with the pin Input the pin Enter your nickname and press go Return back to the first link Click on the team name You’re ready to play! |
References:
- Anon. N.d. "Milestones in the American Gay Rights Movement" American Experience. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/stonewall-milestones-american-gay-rights-movement/)
- Anon. “Transphobia and Donald Trump.” Stonewall, 22 July 2019, Accessed April 16, 2020 www.stonewall.org.uk/cy/node/53161.
- Anon. n.d. “‘We Will Not Be Quiet! Stonewall Was a Riot!": Queer Liberation March Returns Pride to Radical Roots.” Democracy Now!Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.democracynow.org/2019/7/1/queer_liberation_march_nyc_pride_stonewall).
- Ashley, Colin P. 2015. “Gay Liberation: How a Once Radical Movement Got Married and Settled Down.” New Labor Forum24(3):28–32. Retrieved (www.jstor.org/stable/24718619).
- Ball, Story by Molly. 2019. “How Gay Marriage Won.” The Atlantic. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/07/gay-marriage-supreme-court-politics-activism/397052/).
- Dahms, H. F. (2017). "Critical Theory, Radical Reform, and Planetary Sociology: Between Impossibility and Inevitability". In Critical Theory, Radical Reform, and Planetary Sociology: Between Impossibility and Inevitability. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004357044_010
- Green, Emma 2019. "America Moved on from its gay-rights moment and left a legal mess behind" The Atlantic. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/08/lgbtq-rights-america-arent-resolved/596287/)
- Hubbard, Jim. 2019. “ACT UP Changed Everything.” The Nation. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/act-up-stonewall/).
- Jobin-Leeds, Greg. 2016. When We Fight, We Win: Twenty-First-Century Social Movements and the Activists That Are Transforming Our World. New York: The New Press.
- Lopez. 2019. “The House Just Passed a Sweeping LGBTQ Rights Bill.” Vox. Retrieved April 17, 2020 (https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/5/17/18627771/equality-act-house-congress-lgbtq-rights-discrimination).
- School, Lawrence M. FriedmanLaw. n.d. “Litigation and Society.” Annual Reviews. Retrieved April 17, 2020 (https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.so.15.080189.000313).
Union Strong
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By: Richard Cintron, Jyoti Khadka, Ryan Powers, & Jade Wright
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Answers: 1) T 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T
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References:
Bivens, Josh. n.d. 08. 24. 2017. " How Today's Unions Help Working People" Giving Workers the Power to Improve Their Jobs and Unrig the Economy.” Economic Policy Institute. Retrieved April 16, 2020:
(https://www.epi.org/publication/how-todays-unions-help-working-people-giving-workers-the-power-to-improve-their-jobs-and-unrig-the-economy/).
DeManuelle-Hall, Joe and Dan DiMaggio. 12. 20. 2019. “2019 Year in Review: Workers Strike Back.” Labor Notes. Retrieved April 14, 2020:
(https://labornotes.org/2019/12/2019-year-review-workers-strike-back).
Jaffe, Sarah. 11.16. 2019. “The Chicago Teachers Strike Was a Lesson in 21st-Century Organizing.” The Nation. Retrieved April 14, 2020: (https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/chicago-ctu-strike-win/).
Raimonde, Olivia. 10. 21. 2019. "The Number of Workers on Strike Hits the Highest since the 1980s." CNBC. Retrieved April 15, 2020: (https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/21/the-number-of-workers-on-strike-hits-the-highest-since-the-1980s.html).
Shockman, Elizabeth. 02. 21. 2020. “St. Paul Educators Voted for a Strike. Here's What That Means.” MPR News. Retrieved April 16, 2020:
(https://www.mprnews.org/story/2020/02/21/st-paul-educators-voted-for-a-strike-heres-what-that-means).
Bivens, Josh. n.d. 08. 24. 2017. " How Today's Unions Help Working People" Giving Workers the Power to Improve Their Jobs and Unrig the Economy.” Economic Policy Institute. Retrieved April 16, 2020:
(https://www.epi.org/publication/how-todays-unions-help-working-people-giving-workers-the-power-to-improve-their-jobs-and-unrig-the-economy/).
DeManuelle-Hall, Joe and Dan DiMaggio. 12. 20. 2019. “2019 Year in Review: Workers Strike Back.” Labor Notes. Retrieved April 14, 2020:
(https://labornotes.org/2019/12/2019-year-review-workers-strike-back).
Jaffe, Sarah. 11.16. 2019. “The Chicago Teachers Strike Was a Lesson in 21st-Century Organizing.” The Nation. Retrieved April 14, 2020: (https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/chicago-ctu-strike-win/).
Raimonde, Olivia. 10. 21. 2019. "The Number of Workers on Strike Hits the Highest since the 1980s." CNBC. Retrieved April 15, 2020: (https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/21/the-number-of-workers-on-strike-hits-the-highest-since-the-1980s.html).
Shockman, Elizabeth. 02. 21. 2020. “St. Paul Educators Voted for a Strike. Here's What That Means.” MPR News. Retrieved April 16, 2020:
(https://www.mprnews.org/story/2020/02/21/st-paul-educators-voted-for-a-strike-heres-what-that-means).
Disability Rights are Civil Rights
By: William Apmann, Cas Kanter, Genita Krasniqi, & Indhira Morales
References:
Amy, Bergen “5 American Disability Activists You Should Pay Attention To.” Idealist. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://www.idealist.org/en/careers/american-disability-activists).
Anon. 2017. “Disability Rights.” ACLU of Michigan. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://www.aclumich.org/en/issues/disability-rights).
Anon. n.d. “A Quote by Morgan Freeman.” Goodreads. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/872028-attacking-people-with-disabilities-is-the-lowest-display-of-power).
Cathy. 2018. “The Disability Perspective: The Women's March in Washington (& All over the U.S).” Unpacking Disability With Meriah Nichols. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://www.meriahnichols.com/we-the-people-the-womens-march-in-washington/).
Fadulu, Lola. 2017. “This Woman Has Been Arrested 131 Times Fighting for Disability Rights-and She's Not Done Yet.” Quartz. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://qz.com/1028679/this-woman-has-been-arrested-131-times-for-fighting-for-disability-rights-and-shes-just-warming-up/).
Amy, Bergen “5 American Disability Activists You Should Pay Attention To.” Idealist. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://www.idealist.org/en/careers/american-disability-activists).
Anon. 2017. “Disability Rights.” ACLU of Michigan. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://www.aclumich.org/en/issues/disability-rights).
Anon. n.d. “A Quote by Morgan Freeman.” Goodreads. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/872028-attacking-people-with-disabilities-is-the-lowest-display-of-power).
Cathy. 2018. “The Disability Perspective: The Women's March in Washington (& All over the U.S).” Unpacking Disability With Meriah Nichols. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://www.meriahnichols.com/we-the-people-the-womens-march-in-washington/).
Fadulu, Lola. 2017. “This Woman Has Been Arrested 131 Times Fighting for Disability Rights-and She's Not Done Yet.” Quartz. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (https://qz.com/1028679/this-woman-has-been-arrested-131-times-for-fighting-for-disability-rights-and-shes-just-warming-up/).
Define Protection. Define Cruelty. Animal Rights
By: Azia Johnson, Gabby Lapointe, Gabby Pereira, & Abigail Salgado
Interactive: Take a Kahoot quiz at https://create.kahoot.it/share/define-protection-define-cruelty/555b5b00-997c-47c3-8448-43baf68e6e01
Interactive: Take a Kahoot quiz at https://create.kahoot.it/share/define-protection-define-cruelty/555b5b00-997c-47c3-8448-43baf68e6e01
References:
Antifur, Coalition. n.d. “Blood Fashion Term.” Www.antifurcoalition.org. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.antifurcoalition.org/pages/blood-fashion-term).
Biondi, Annachiara, George Arnett, and Vogue Business Team. 2019. “The Fur Industry Is Fighting Back.” Vogue Business. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.voguebusiness.com/sustainability/materials-fur-industry-faux-vegan-prada-chanel-yoox-net-a-porter-burberry).
Ganzert, Dr. Robin. 2016. “Zoos Are Not Prisons. They Improve the Lives of Animals.” Time. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (Ganzert, Dr. Robin. 2016. “Zoos Are Not Prisons. They Improve the Lives of Animals.” Time. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://time.com/4364671/zoos-improve-lives-of-animals/).
Henderson, Brody. 2019. “Fighting the Anti-Hunting Movement.” MeatEater Conservation.
Retrieved April 12, 2020 (https://www.themeateater.com/conservation/animal-rights/fighting-the-anti-hunting-movement).
Hone, Dr Dave. 2014. “Why Zoos Are Good.” The Guardian. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.theguardian.com/science/lost-worlds/2014/aug/19/why-zoos-are-good).
Illmer, Andreas, 2018. "Japan Says It's Time to Allow Sustainable Whaling" BBC. Retrieved April 13, 2020. (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-45364696)
Knoche,Scott, Frank Lupi. 2012. “The economic value of publicly accessible deer hunting land.” The Journal of Wildlife Management.
Petter, Olivia. 2019. “Are Fake Fur Alternatives Really More Sustainable?” The Independent. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/faux-fur-animal-cruelty-ethics-a8823521.html).
Reichert, Joshua. "As the UN Tightens the Net Around Ilegal Fishing, Now is the Time to Act". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 April 2020. (https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2016/may/20/illegal-fishing-fight-thieves-seafood-international-treaty).
Antifur, Coalition. n.d. “Blood Fashion Term.” Www.antifurcoalition.org. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.antifurcoalition.org/pages/blood-fashion-term).
Biondi, Annachiara, George Arnett, and Vogue Business Team. 2019. “The Fur Industry Is Fighting Back.” Vogue Business. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.voguebusiness.com/sustainability/materials-fur-industry-faux-vegan-prada-chanel-yoox-net-a-porter-burberry).
Ganzert, Dr. Robin. 2016. “Zoos Are Not Prisons. They Improve the Lives of Animals.” Time. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (Ganzert, Dr. Robin. 2016. “Zoos Are Not Prisons. They Improve the Lives of Animals.” Time. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://time.com/4364671/zoos-improve-lives-of-animals/).
Henderson, Brody. 2019. “Fighting the Anti-Hunting Movement.” MeatEater Conservation.
Retrieved April 12, 2020 (https://www.themeateater.com/conservation/animal-rights/fighting-the-anti-hunting-movement).
Hone, Dr Dave. 2014. “Why Zoos Are Good.” The Guardian. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (https://www.theguardian.com/science/lost-worlds/2014/aug/19/why-zoos-are-good).
Illmer, Andreas, 2018. "Japan Says It's Time to Allow Sustainable Whaling" BBC. Retrieved April 13, 2020. (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-45364696)
Knoche,Scott, Frank Lupi. 2012. “The economic value of publicly accessible deer hunting land.” The Journal of Wildlife Management.
Petter, Olivia. 2019. “Are Fake Fur Alternatives Really More Sustainable?” The Independent. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/faux-fur-animal-cruelty-ethics-a8823521.html).
Reichert, Joshua. "As the UN Tightens the Net Around Ilegal Fishing, Now is the Time to Act". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 April 2020. (https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2016/may/20/illegal-fishing-fight-thieves-seafood-international-treaty).
Gentrification Ahead
By: Reid Berg, Ezra Freidlander, Brittany Ramirez, & Aaron Singleton
Interactive: Go to https://forms.gle/vuNWCyms2GsRBeEe8
Our group’s poster, entitled “Gentrification Ahead,” focuses on revolutionary activism within the United States’ anti-gentrification movement. The middle section of the poster, right below the title, defines gentrification, explains why we should care, and provides a link to our interactive activity. The left side shows the differences between different types of dissent and how that can be seen in various anti-gentrification activist groups; lastly, the right side provides visual examples of gentrification and anti-gentrification activism.
Interactive: Go to https://forms.gle/vuNWCyms2GsRBeEe8
Our group’s poster, entitled “Gentrification Ahead,” focuses on revolutionary activism within the United States’ anti-gentrification movement. The middle section of the poster, right below the title, defines gentrification, explains why we should care, and provides a link to our interactive activity. The left side shows the differences between different types of dissent and how that can be seen in various anti-gentrification activist groups; lastly, the right side provides visual examples of gentrification and anti-gentrification activism.
References:
Anderson, Monica. “For Black Americans, Experiences of Racial Discrimination Vary by Educational Level, Gender.” Pew Research Center. Accessed on April 14, 2020: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/05/02/for-black-americans-experiences-of-racial-discrimination-vary-by-education-level-gender/.
Badger, Emily, Claire Cain Miller, Adam Pearce, and Kevin Quealy. 2018. “Extensive Data Shows Punishing Reach of Racism for Black Boys.” The New York Times. Accessed on April 14, 2020: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/03/19/upshot/race-class-white-and-black-men.html.
Brown-Saracino, Japonica. 2010. “Introduction: What is Gentrification? Definitions and Key Concepts.” Pp. 11-18 in The Gentrification Debates: A Reader. New York: Routledge.
Center for Poverty Research University of California, Davis. 2015. “How Does Level of Education Relate to Poverty: Official Data Breakdown.” Accessed on 21 April, 2019: https://poverty.ucdavis.edu/faq/how-does-level-education-relate-poverty.
Chung, P. (2014). 8 Pictures That Capture How Cities Changed in 2014. [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://nextcity.org/daily/entry/pictures-urban-change-cities-gentrification-development-2014
“Gentrification.” Merriam-Webster: Since 1828. Accessed on April 7, 2020: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gentrification.
Hwang, Jackelyn and Robert J. Sampson. 2014. “Divergent Pathways of Gentrification: Racial Inequality and the Social Order of Renewal in Chicago Neighborhoods.” American Sociological Review, 79(4):726-751.
Institute on Metropolitan Opportunity: University of Minnesota Law School. “Low Income Displacement and Concentration in U.S. Census Tracts, 2000 to 2016.” Accessed on April 8, 2020: https://myottetm.github.io/USMapBoxIMO/USLwDispConc.html.
Levin, Sam. 7.2.2019. “‘There’s No Way to Stop This’: Oakland Braces For the Arrival of Tech firm Square.” The Guardian. Accessed on April 10, 2020: https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/jul/02/theres-no-way-to-stop-this-oakland-braces-for-the-arrival-of-tech-firm-square.
“Our Work.” Right to the City: Fighting for Democracy, Justice, and Sustainability in Our Cities. Accessed on April 6, 2020: https://righttothecity.org/about/mission-history/.
“Points of Unity.” Defend Boyle Heights: A Revolutionary Anti-Gentrification Organization Based in Boyle Heights. Accessed on April 11, 2020: http://defendboyleheights.blogspot.com/p/points-of-unity.html?view=classic.
Queens Anti-Gentrification Project: Fight for Popular Control of Housing and Land Use. Accessed on April 14, 2020: https://queensantigentrification.org/.
Romero, D. (2016). Hate Crime Rears Its Ugly Head in Boyle Heights Anti-Gentrification Battle. [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://www.citywatchla.com/index.php/2016-01-01-13-17-00/los-angeles/12088-hate-crime-rears-its-ugly-head-in-boyle-heights-anti-gentrification-battle
------. (2016). Here's a Map of L.A'S Most Gentrified Neighborhoods. [Map]. Retrieved from https://www.laweekly.com/heres-a-map-of-l-as-most-gentrified-neighborhoods/
Santus, Rex. 2019. “How Anti-Gentrification Activists Derailed Amazon’s New York City Plans.” Vice. Accessed on April 8, 2020: https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/nex34z/how-anti-gentrification-activists-derailed-amazons-new-york-city-plans.
The Brooklyn Anti-Gentrification Network (BAN). Accessed on April 6, 2020: https://bangentrification.org/about/.
Williams, Aaron, and Armand Emamdjomeh. 2018. “America is More Diverse Than Ever—But Still Segregated.” The Washington Post. Accessed on April 14, 2020: https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/national/segregation-us-cities/.
Anderson, Monica. “For Black Americans, Experiences of Racial Discrimination Vary by Educational Level, Gender.” Pew Research Center. Accessed on April 14, 2020: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/05/02/for-black-americans-experiences-of-racial-discrimination-vary-by-education-level-gender/.
Badger, Emily, Claire Cain Miller, Adam Pearce, and Kevin Quealy. 2018. “Extensive Data Shows Punishing Reach of Racism for Black Boys.” The New York Times. Accessed on April 14, 2020: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/03/19/upshot/race-class-white-and-black-men.html.
Brown-Saracino, Japonica. 2010. “Introduction: What is Gentrification? Definitions and Key Concepts.” Pp. 11-18 in The Gentrification Debates: A Reader. New York: Routledge.
Center for Poverty Research University of California, Davis. 2015. “How Does Level of Education Relate to Poverty: Official Data Breakdown.” Accessed on 21 April, 2019: https://poverty.ucdavis.edu/faq/how-does-level-education-relate-poverty.
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EBD 2020 events were cancelled due to Covid-19